Anaerobic means literally without air or oxygen. A term applied to microbes which can thrive only in the absence of oxygen; but it also refers to the converse of aerobic exercise, where sustained intensive exercise (eg sprinting) exceeds the body's capacity to deliver oxygen so that the muscles use energy derived from anaerobic metabolism resulting in an oxygen deficit which has to be replenished later.
Anaerobic exercise involves intense or explosive spurts of strenuous activity that leaves you gasping for breath. This exercise can only be done for a minute or too at a time, because it depends on limited stores of glycogens (sugars) stored in the muscles, which are rapidly depleted, resulting in intense muscle fatigue.
Examples (of anaerobic exercise)
Weight lifting
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Sprinting
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Reference
Townsend J. (2000) Get Tough with Stress
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